Dabool Baahidada Cilmiga Teknologiyada

IP ADDRESS- wuxu ka kooban yahay 32 bit oo binary ah, waxane lo qeybiyaa 4 sideedaad, waane 4 byte, 8 walba waxa u dhaxeeya dhibic ama dot. Tusaale :- 192.168.1.1 waa cinwaan gaar ah oo tilmaamaya aalad ku jirta internetka ama shabakad maxalli ah. Waxa macquul ah in marka la jooga Private-ka kompuytarada qaar isku IP noqdaan, IP wuxuu u taagan yahay “Internet Protocol,” kaas oo ah xeerar lagu maamulo qaabka xogta loo soo diray internetka ama shabakadda qaaska ah. Nuxur ahaan, IP Address waa aqoonsi u oggolaanaya in macluumaadka loo diro inta u dhexeysa aaladaha shabakadda: waxay ka kooban yihiin macluumaadka goobta waxayna ka dhigaan aaladaha la heli karo isgaarsiinta. Internetku wuxuu u baahan yahay hab lagu kala saaro kombiyuutarada kala duwan, Routers-ka, iyo Server's-ka. Aaalad walba oo Network ama Internet ku xiran wuxu leeyahay IP Address la'aantiisne ma jirto device Isticmaali kara Internet ama Network. IP waxa loo qeybiyaa 5 class, Class walbane wuxu leeyahay meel u k...

♡● Network waa isku xirka laba device iyo ka badan meela isu dhawne yaalo, sida computers, servers, mainframes, network devices(Hub, Switch,  Router), peripherals, or device-yada kale. U jeedada la isugu xirayne eey tahay wadaagida xogaha iyo macluumaadka. Wuxu isku xiraa boqolaal ilaa kumanaan devices. Waxaa maamulaya ama controli kara shaqsiyaad.  Waxaa loo adeegsadaa Local Area Network, Wide Area Network, Campus Area Network, and Home Area Network. ♡● Internet waa mid aad u balaaran, waa isku xirka Network-ya badan, meela aad u kala fogne kala yaalo, waane Network of Networks, waxaane tusaale weyn u ah WAN. Wuxu isku xiraa Malaayiin devices. Ma jirto cid maamuli karto. Waxaa loo adeegsada World Wide Web. Mahadsanidiin.

Fiila Nooceeda Yahay UTP (Unshield Twist Pair), waxaa loo adeegsada isku xirka Network Devices. Si la isugu xiro waxa la raacaya heshiiska eey gaareen qolooyinka TIA/EIA kaaso kala saaraya qaabka la isugu xiraya fiilada iyo color-ka, Labada Nooc ee fiila waxeey qiima ku leeyihiin macnane ku sameeynayaan habka eey u xiranyihiin. Sida TIA/EIA 568A iyo TIA/EIA 568B. Straight through cable-  ayaa loo adeegsadaa shabakadaha LAN si loogu xiro aalado kala duwan sida  Hub to router, router iyo switch, PC and switch, iyo wixii la mid ah. Waxay beddel u tahay sidoo kale isku -xiriirinta wireless -ka ADSL-ka hal ama in ka badan oo kombiyuutarro ah ay ka helaan router -ka iyada oo loo marayo signal -ka wireless -ka. Crossover Cable- waxa loo adeegsada isku xirka LAN waa fiilo isgoys ah labada dhinac ku kala dhamaadaan (568A iyo 568B) oo loogu talagalay in si toos ah loogu xiro aaladaha Network-ga. Waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa in lagu xiro laba qalab oo isku nooc ah, tusaale. Computer t...

DDoS waa nooc ka mid ah weerarada xaasidnimo ee carqaladeeya taraafikada caadiga ah ee Network-ga si ay u galaan Server-ka, fatahaad ku sameysa taraafikada shabakada (taasoo dhalisa in la diido adeegga).  Waxay u shaqeysaa sida jid gooyo oo xayiraya wadada oo ka celineysa taraafikada caadiga ah inay yimaadaan halka ay ku socdaan. Aaladaha si fudud ugu xira shabakadda (sida kumbuyuutarrada, aaladaha IoT, taleefannada gacanta, iwm) waxay u nugul yihiin weerarada DDoS.

 Internet of Things (IoT) wuxuu sharxayaa isku xerka walxaha jira - “Things (Walxaha)” - oo ay kuxiran yihiin dareemayaal "Sensor's", softiweer, iyo teknoolojiyad kale ujeeddadeeduna tahay isku xirka iyo isdhaafsiga xogta aaladaha iyo nidaamyada kale iyadoo la isticmaalaya internet-ka. Qeexitaanka IoT-ga ayaa isbadalay sababa laxiriira teknolojiyada badan sida real time analytics, machine learning, commodity sensors, and embedded systems.. Qeybaha hore ee nidaamyada gundhigga ah sida wireless sensors-ka, nidaamyada xakamaynta iyo kuwa iyaga ismaamula "Automation" (oo ay kujiraan guryaha iyo dhismaha oo la maamulo), iyo kuwa kale dhamaantood waxay gacan ka geystaan ​​suurta gelinta Internet of Things. Waxaa jira walaacyo badan oo halis ah oo ku saabsan khataraha ku jira koritaanka IoT, gaar ahaan dhinacyada asturnaanta "Privacy" iyo amniga "Security", sidaa darteedna warshadaha iyo dhaqdhaqaaqyada dowladdaha ee wax looga qabanayo tabashoo...

Cloud computing  ayaa ah baahida loo qabo helitaanka ilaha nidaamka kombiyuutarka, gaar ahaan keydinta xogta (Cloud storage) iyo awoodda xisaabinta, iyada oo aan isticmaalaha "User" si toos ah u maamuli karo xogtiisa ku keydsan Cloud-ka. Ereyga guud ahaan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sharaxo xarumaha xogta "Data Centers" oo ay ka heli karaan isticmaaleyaal badan internetka gudihiisa xogtooda. "LARGE CLOUDS" Daruuraha waaweyn, ee ugu badan maanta, badiyaa waxay leeyihiin shaqooyin loo qaybiyay meelo badan oo ka socda server-yada dhexe. Haddii isku xirka adeegsadaha uu dhow yahay, waxaa loo qoondeyn karaa adeege gees ah. Daruuraha waxaa lagu xadidi karaa hal urur (Organization) ama waxaa heli kara ururo badan (Public Cloud). Xisaabinta daruuraha waxay ku tiirsan tahay wadaagga kheyraadka si loo gaaro isku xirnaansho iyo dhaqaale baaxad leh. U doodayaasha Cloud-ka dadweynaha iyo kuwa isku dhafan waxay xusayaan in xisaabinta daruuraha ay u saamaxeyso shirkada...

Network engineers (waa kale loo yaqaana N etwork architects) waa qorsheeyaha qaabka iyo maamulaha isku xirka Aaladaha sida, Router, Switch, Computers, iyadoo la isugu xiraaya qaabab kala duwan taaso loo yaqaana Topology. waa qofka qaabilsan ka shaqeysiinta dhamaan Aaladaha "Devices" si loo hubiyo in sidii loogu tala galay u shaqeeya Network-ga ha ahaada midka Guryaha "LAN" midka magaaloyinka "MAN" iyo midka isku goosha wadamada "WAN". Network engineer ahaan waxaad masuul ka tahay aasaaska xiriirka Aaaladaha iyo system-ka guud isku xirkiisa sida, Aaladaha Hay'ada ama Company-ga.